Read this article to learn about the concept and methods of sales promotion. Concept of Sales Promotion: The concept of sales promotion might be defined as follows: Sales promotion might be defined as that philosophy of promotion of sales (other than personal selling and advertising) which is aimed at stimulating sales, through adopting techniques (or […]
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Read this article to learn about the concept and classification of the media of advertising. Advertising # Concept: Among the various techniques adopted by the modern marketer for promotion of sales, advertising stands out perhaps as the most prominent and popular technique. Advertising is such a popular term that it seems to be on the […]
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Read this article to learn about the meaning, concept, features and need of personal selling. Meaning of Personal Selling: Personal-selling or salesmanship are synonymous terms; with the only difference that the former term is of recent origin, while the latter term has been traditionally in usage, in the commercial world. Since a salesman, in persuading […]
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Choosing a Suitable Advertising Medium: Top 10 Things to Consider! Top 10 Things to Consider Thing # 1. Cost Involved: Cost involved in advertising through a particular advertising medium, is definitely an important consideration, in making the selection of an advertising medium. In fact, other considerations apart, the lesser are the cost involved in advertising […]
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Read this article to learn about the meaning and factors influencing promotion mix. Meaning of Promotion-Mix: Promotion-mix refers to an optimum combination of different promotional tools and techniques; with a view to maximizing sales and profits. The need for promotion-mix arises because all promotional tools and techniques are not equally effective and appealing. Promotion mix […]
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This article throws light upon the top three objectives of pre-emptive right of stockholders. (1) The prime objective of the pre-emptive right is to safeguard the interest of existing stockholders,. Thus, it allows them to prevent dilution of their stock to preserve their voting strength in the company and to maintain their proportionate interest in […]
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This article throws light upon the top five redeeming features of equity shares of a company. The features are: 1. Maturity 2. Claims on Income 3. Claims on Assets 4. Control 5. Pre-Emptive Right. Equity Shares: Feature # 1. Maturity: Equity shares provide permanent capital to the company, which is not under contractual obligation to […]
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This article throws light upon the top eight characteristics of company shares . The characteristics are: 1. Permanent Capital 2. No Obligation to Pay Dividends 3. No Security 4. No Obligation to Refund Capital 5. Residual Claims to Income and Property 6. Freedom to Transfer Shares 7. Right to Manage the Company 8. Limited Liability. […]
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Read this article to learn about the reason for failure of alliances. According to a recent global survey on post-merging integration carried out by A.T. Kearney almost 70 per cent of the mergers world-wide have failed to achieve the expected benefits and create value for the companies and their shareholders. In South-east Asia, the proportion […]
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This article throws light upon the ten important tenets of strategic alliances. The tenets are: 1. Tenet of Maximization 2. Tenet of Flexibility 3. Tenet of Clarity 4. Tenet of Value Addition 5. Tenet of Autonomy 6. Tenet of Ownership 7. Matching Tenet 8. Tenet of Mutual Trust 9. Tenet of Cultural Compatibility 10. Tenet […]
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Read this article to learn about Strategic Alliances. After reading this article you will learn about: 1. Concept of Strategic Alliances 2. Fundamental Features of Strategic Alliances 3. Forms of Strategic Alliances. Concept of Strategic Alliances: Strategic alliances are cooperative arrangements between organizations belonging to same country or different parts of the world or different […]
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This article throws light upon the four important phases of successful alliance of two organizations. The phases are: 1. Courtship 2. Engagement 3. Discovery of Differences 4. Developing Mechanisms to Bridge Differences. Successful Alliance: Phase # 1. Courtship: Courtship is the first phase of any alliance. The two organisations meet, are attracted and discover their […]
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This article provides an in-depth study on the concept of mergers and takeovers of companies. After reading this article you will learn about: 1. Concept of Merger and Takeover 2. Forms of Merger 3. Motives for Merger 4. Evaluating Financial Implications of Potential Acquisition 5. Assessing Merger as a Source of Value Addition 6. Estimating […]
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This article throws light upon the two important forms of Capital Restructuring. The forms are: 1. Leveraged Buyout 2. Leveraged Recapitalization. Capital Restructuring Form # 1. Leveraged Buyout (LBO): Leveraged buyout (LBO) is an important form of financial restructuring which represents transfer of an ownership consummated heavily with debt. LBO involves an acquisition of a […]
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This article throws light upon the two important aspects for the determination of cost of capital. The aspects are: 1. Computation of Cost of Individual Capital Components 2. Weighted-Average Cost of Capital. Determination of Cost of Capital: Aspect # 1. Computation of Cost of Individual Capital Components: In order to compute the overall cost of […]
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Read this article to learn about Divestitures of a Business. After reading this article you will learn about: 1. Concept of Divestitures 2. Major Drivers for a Divestiture 3. Financial Assessment. Concept of Divestitures: While mergers and acquisitions lead to expansion of business in some way or the other, divestiture move involves some sort of […]
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Read this article to learn about Corporate Restructuring. After reading this article you will learn about: 1. Nature of Corporate Restructuring 2. Motives for Corporate Restructuring 3. Dimensions. Nature of Corporate Restructuring: Corporate restructuring is about revisiting existing management practices of an enterprise and altering them so as to attain greater adaptability and viability with […]
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This article throws light upon the five main steps involved in designing corporate restructuring programme. The steps are: 1. Understanding the firm’s strategic architecture and organizational characteristics 2. Assessing imperativeness of change 3. Determining what should be changed 4. Understanding organizational reactions and analysing them 5. Approach to Restructuring Programme. Designing Corporate Restructuring Programme: Step […]
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Read this article to learn about the problems in implementing corporate restructuring programme with suggestions to improve it. Problems in Implementing Corporate Restructuring Programme: In-spite of substantial restructuring experience available with Indian companies, implementation of restructuring programme continues to be slow and often significantly increases cost and effort than originally anticipated. The reasons for slow […]
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Read this article to learn about the Cost of Capital. After reading this article you will learn about: 1. Concept of Cost of Capital 2. Significance of Cost of Capital. Concept of Cost of Capital: Capital budgeting decision is directly related with financing decision because acceptance or rejection of an investment project depends on cost […]
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